General Surgery Pediatric Surgery: Review Questions Brian F. Gilchrist, MD, FACS, and Marc S. Lessin, MD, FACS Dr. Gilchrist is the Chief of the Pediatric Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Tufts-New England Medical Center and The Floating Hospital for Children, Boston, MA; and an Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. Dr. Lessin is a Surgeon, Pediatric Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Tufts-New England Medical Center and The Floating Hospital for Children, Boston, MA; and an Assistant Professor of Surgery, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. Choose the single best answer for each question.
	1. A 3-day-old neonate has moderate abdominal distension. Plain radiographs and results of a barium enema show a transverse colon that is dilated to 4 times the size of the sigmoid colon. The fact that the newborn’s mother has gestational diabetes suggests which of the following diagnoses? Hirschsprung’s disease Hypothyroidism Milk bolus obstruction Neonatal small left colon syndrome Click here to compare your answer. 2. A 6-year-old child has fever, generalized abdominal pain and tenderness, vomiting, and loose, guaiac-positive stools. Laboratory evaluation reveals a hematocrit of 29%, leukocyte count of 17.0 x 103/mm3, and a platelet count of 62 × 103/mm3. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for this patient Appendicitis Gastroenteritis Hemolytic uremic syndrome Intussusception Click here to compare your answer.		3. A 13-year-old boy has a 3-cm unilateral, nontender breast nodule. Which of the following management approaches is optimal for this patient? Perform an endocrinologic work-up Perform an incisional biopsy Perform operative excision Provide reassurance and observe Click here to compare your answer. 4. Absence of the vas deferens is associated with each of the following conditions EXCEPT: Congenital rubella Cystic fibrosis Hirschsprung’s disease Ipsilateral renal agenesis Click here to compare your answer. 5. Which of the following is the most common cause of intrauterine growth retardation? Congenital diaphragmatic hernia Congenital heart disease Maternal infection Uteroplacental insufficiency Click here to compare your answer.
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